VULNpocalypse

CVE-2025-68668: n8n Vulnerable to Arbitrary Command Execution in Pyodide based Python Code Node

Advisory generated from the CVE record, CISA, Exploit Observer and VEDAS: what it is, whether it is exploited, who is affected, and how to fix and detect it.

Generated by VEDAS. Scores as of 2026-11-08 00:03 UTC. Rebuilt every few hours from cve-scores, CISA KEV and vedas-signatures. How this works and its limits.

What it is

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. From version 1.0.0 to before 2.0.0, a sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in the Python Code Node that uses Pyodide. An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands on the host system running n8n, using the same privileges as the n8n process. This issue has been patched in version 2.0.0. Workarounds for this issue involve disabling the Code Node by setting the environment variable NODES_EXCLUDE: “[\"n8n-nodes-base.code\"]”, disabling Python support in the Code node by setting the environment variable N8N_PYTHON_ENABLED=false, which was introduced in n8n version 1.104.0, and configuring n8n to use the task runner based Python sandbox via the N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED and N8N_NATIVE_PYTHON_RUNNER environment variables.

Description quoted from the CVE record (assigned by GitHub_M, published 2025-12-26).

Weakness: CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure

How it can be exploited

Exploitable over the network with low attack complexity needing low privileges and no user interaction. Impact: confidentiality high, integrity high, availability low. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L

CISA assessment (SSVC): CISA has no evidence of exploitation. Automatable: no. Technical impact: total.

Public exploit evidence (Exploit Observer)

Exploit Observer found 4 code repositories and 2 research write-ups naming this CVE.

Code repositories that name a CVE are often scanners, copies or fakes, and some are malware. Read the code before running anything.

See all 14 references on Exploit Observer

Live scores

EPSS
0.132
likely to be attacked soon
VEDAS
0.667
likely exploited
On CISA KEV
Not listed
Detection rule
Nuclei · Suricata

Who is affected

ProductAffectedNot affected
n8n-io n8nversion >= 1.0.0, < 2.0.0Not stated

Version ranges exactly as the CVE record states them. “Before X” means X is the first fixed version.

How to fix it

No fixed version or vendor advisory is listed in the CVE record yet. Watch the vendor’s security page.

How to detect it

Nuclei template (active check)

N8n - Command Injection

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. From version 1.0.0 to before 2.0.0, a sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in the Python Code Node that uses Pyodide.

Name and description quoted from the template, written by VEDAS.

The template sends 1 request (GET /signin); it decides using dsl, regex, status, word matchers. Severity in the template: critical. Marked as not yet verified against a live vulnerable target.

Run it against a host you own or are authorised to test:

bash
nuclei -u https://your-host -t CVE-2025-68668.yaml
Show the template (64 lines)
yaml
id: CVE-2025-68668

info:
  name: "N8n - Command Injection"
  author: vedas-arpsyndicate
  severity: critical
  description: |
    n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. From version 1.0.0 to before 2.0.0, a sandbox bypass
    vulnerability exists in the Python Code Node that uses Pyodide.
  reference:
    - https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2025-68668&match=exact
    - https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=n8n&match=exact
  classification:
    cve-id: CVE-2025-68668
  metadata:
    verified: false
  tags: cve,cve2025,n8n,workflow,rce,sandbox-bypass
http:
  - method: GET
    path:
      - "{{BaseURL}}/signin"

    extractors:
      - type: regex
        name: base64_content
        group: 1
        regex:
          - '<meta name="n8n:config:sentry" content="([A-Za-z0-9+/=]+)"'
        internal: true

      - type: dsl
        name: decoded
        dsl:
          - 'base64_decode(base64_content)'
        internal: true

      - type: dsl
        name: version
        dsl:
          - 'replace_regex(decoded, ".*n8n@([0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+).*", "$1")'
        internal: true

      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - '"n8n Version: " + version'

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: word
        part: body
        words:
          - "<title>n8n.io"
        case-insensitive: true

      - type: status
        status:
          - 200

      - type: dsl
        name: vulnerable
        dsl:
          - '(compare_versions(version, ">= 1.0.0") && compare_versions(version, "< 2.0.0"))'

# n8n said it had introduced task runner-based native Python implementation in version 1.111.0 as an optional feature for improved security isolation. This template does not check for that and cannot confirm whether the remote host has configured this on their n8n instance so please proceed with that in mind when using this template.

CVE-2025-68668.yaml on GitHub

Suricata rules (network detection)

1 rule that alert on traffic matching this exploit: VEDAS CVE-2025-68668 N8n - Command Injection. Add them to your Suricata rule set and reload.

Show the rules
suricata
alert http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HTTP_SERVERS $HTTP_PORTS (msg:"VEDAS CVE-2025-68668 N8n - Command Injection"; flow:established,to_server; http.uri; content:"signin"; nocase; fast_pattern; classtype:web-application-attack; reference:cve,CVE-2025-68668; reference:url,https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2025-68668&match=exact; reference:url,https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=n8n&match=exact; sid:1011799; rev:1;)

CVE-2025-68668.rules on GitHub

Advisories on this CVE

References

Other references

Other databases

Where this comes from

This advisory is generated automatically by VEDAS from: CVE.org record, cve-scores (EPSS and VEDAS), Exploit Observer, vedas-signatures. Text in quotes is reproduced from the source; everything else is a fixed template filled with source fields. Nothing here is written by a language model. Check the vendor advisory before acting, and read how VEDAS and Exploit Observer work, and their limits.

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