CVE-2026-81578: PaperCut NG/MF Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
Advisory generated from the CVE record, CISA, Exploit Observer and VEDAS: what it is, whether it is exploited, who is affected, and how to fix and detect it.
Generated by VEDAS. Scores as of 2026-11-01 19:19 UTC. Rebuilt every few hours from cve-scores, CISA KEV and vedas-signatures. How this works and its limits.
What it is
An improper access control vulnerability exists in the web management interface of PaperCut MF and PaperCut NG. Under specific conditions, unauthenticated remote requests targeting administrative functions can trigger backend actions prior to the completion of access validation checks. This allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to modify certain system configurations.
Description quoted from the CVE record (assigned by PaperCut, published 2026-08-28).
Weakness: CWE-305 Authentication bypass by primary weakness
How it can be exploited
Exploitable over the network with low attack complexity with no special attack requirements needing no privileges and no user interaction. Impact: confidentiality low, integrity high, availability low. CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CISA assessment (SSVC): CISA assesses exploitation as active. Automatable: yes. Technical impact: partial.
- On CISA KEV since
- 2026-08-31
- US federal deadline
- 2026-09-14
- Ransomware use
- Not known
Public exploit evidence (Exploit Observer)
Also known as: BDU:2026-15087, EUVD-2026-67713, GHSA-44wc-j6f2-7fjr
VEDAS cluster: VEDAS:BARMYBADGER
Exploit Observer links 7 pieces of public exploit code or detection modules that name this CVE or one of its aliases.
Exploit code and modules (7)
Code that names this CVE. A repository can be a working exploit, a scanner, a fake or malware; read it before running anything.
- Nuclei template: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/main/http/cves/2026/CVE-2026-81578.yaml
- Code repository: https://github.com/yora1928/papercut-cve-2026-81578-82078
- Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/nuclei/2026/CVE-2026-81578.yaml
- Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/nuclei/2026/CVE-2026-81578.yaml
- Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/suricata/2026/CVE-2026-81578.rules
- Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/suricata/2026/CVE-2026-81578.rules
- Code repository: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ARPSyndicate/vedas-signatures/main/suricata/2026/CVE-2026-81578.rules
Research and write-ups (5)
- Research or write-up: https://labs.watchtowr.com/death-by-a-thousand-papercuts-papercut-pre-auth-rce-chain-and-patch-bypasses-wt-2026-0141-0144-cve-2026-82077-cve-2026-82078-cve-2026-81578
- Research or write-up: https://socprime.com/blog/cve-2026-81578-analysis
- Research or write-up: https://watchtowr.com/intelligence/papercut-ng-mf-zero-day-cve-2026-81578-cve-2026-82078-active-exploitation-underway
- Research or write-up: https://watchtowr.com/resources/papercut-ng-mf-zero-day-cve-2026-81578-cve-2026-82078-active-exploitation-underway
- Research or write-up: https://www.esentire.com/blog/papercut-mf-zero-day-intrusion-java-loader-web-shell-and-adaptixc2-via-cve-2026-82078-and-cve-2026-81578
Vulnerability databases and vendor advisories (6)
Catalogue entries, not exploit evidence.
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/enisa/EUVD-2026-67713
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-44wc-j6f2-7fjr
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81578
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-81578
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/papercut-ng-cve-2026-81578-detect-vulnerable-version-and-ioc
- Vulnerability database or vendor advisory: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/papercut-ng-cve-2026-81578-restrict-application-server-web-access-to-trusted-addresses-windows-firewall-mitigation
156 more references returned by Exploit Observer did not name this CVE or an alias, so they are left out.
VEDAS data as of 2026-11-01T17:12 UTC; fetched 2026-11-02.
Live scores
- EPSS
- 0.847
very likely to be attacked soon - VEDAS
- 0.988
strong exploit evidence - On CISA KEV
- Yes, since 2026-08-31
Thin horizontal line: the “likely” (EPSS 0.10) or “strong” (VEDAS 0.90) threshold. Shaded “no data” areas are periods when cve-scores did not publish. The vertical line is the day CISA added it to its exploited list.
VEDAS flagged this bug about 2 days before CISA confirmed attacks.
Who is affected
| Product | Affected | Not affected |
|---|---|---|
| PaperCut PaperCut MF/NG | before 24.1.10 from 25.0.0 before 25.0.13 from 26.0.0 before 26.0.5 | Not stated |
Version ranges exactly as the CVE record states them. “Before X” means X is the first fixed version.
Exploit Observer also maps it to: papercut papercut_mf, papercut papercut_ng, papercut_software_international_pty_ltd papercut_mf, papercut_software_international_pty_ltd papercut_ng.
How to fix it
Fixed versions stated in the CVE record: 24.1.10, 25.0.13, 26.0.5.
CISA required action: Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset’s internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.
Vendor guidance:
- https://www.papercut.com/kb/Main/security-bulletin-27-aug-2026-urgent-security-advisory/
- https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk
- https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81578
How to detect it
Nuclei template (active check)
PaperCut MF - Missing Authentication
An improper access control vulnerability exists in the web management interface of PaperCut MF and PaperCut NG. Under specific conditions, unauthenticated remote requests targeting administrative functions can trigger backend actions prior to the completion of access validation checks.
Name and description quoted from the template, written by VEDAS.
The template sends 5 requests (GET /app?service=page/Error, GET /app, POST /app?service=direct/{{rand}}/Home/ConfigEditor/quickFindForm, GET / and 1 more); it decides using dsl matchers. Severity in the template: critical. Marked as not yet verified against a live vulnerable target.
Run it against a host you own or are authorised to test:
nuclei -u https://your-host -t CVE-2026-81578.yamlShow the template (75 lines)
id: CVE-2026-81578
info:
name: "PaperCut MF - Missing Authentication"
author: vedas-arpsyndicate
severity: critical
description: |
An improper access control vulnerability exists in the web management interface of PaperCut MF and PaperCut
NG. Under specific conditions, unauthenticated remote requests targeting administrative functions can trigger
backend actions prior to the completion of access validation checks.
reference:
- https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2026-81578&match=exact
- https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=papercut&match=exact
classification:
cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
cvss-score: 9.8
cve-id: CVE-2026-81578
cwe-id: CWE-306
metadata:
verified: false
tags: cve,cve2026,papercut,auth-bypass,rce,unauth,tapestry,kev,vkev
variables:
rand: "{{rand_text_alpha(8)}}"
flow: http(1) && http(2) && http(3)
http:
- raw:
- |
GET /app?service=page/Error HTTP/1.1
Host: {{Hostname}}
host-redirects: true
max-redirects: 2
matchers:
- type: dsl
dsl:
- 'contains(body, "<!-- Page: Error -->")'
- 'status_code == 200'
condition: and
internal: true
- raw:
- |
GET /app HTTP/1.1
Host: {{Hostname}}
host-redirects: true
max-redirects: 2
matchers:
- type: dsl
internal: true
dsl:
- 'contains(body, "<!-- Page: Home -->")'
- 'status_code == 200'
condition: and
- raw:
- |
POST /app?service=direct/{{rand}}/Home/ConfigEditor/quickFindForm HTTP/1.1
Host: {{Hostname}}
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Origin: {{RootURL}}
Referer: {{RootURL}}/app
sp=S0&Form0=%24TextField%2CdoQuickFind%2Cclear&%24TextField=server.name&doQuickFind=Go
matchers:
- type: dsl
dsl:
- 'contains(body, "<!-- Page: Home -->")'
- 'status_code == 200'
condition: and
Suricata rules (network detection)
1 rule that alert on traffic matching this exploit: VEDAS CVE-2026-81578 PaperCut MF - Missing Authentication. Add them to your Suricata rule set and reload.
Show the rules
alert http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HTTP_SERVERS $HTTP_PORTS (msg:"VEDAS CVE-2026-81578 PaperCut MF - Missing Authentication"; flow:established,to_server; http.request_body; content:"sp=S0&Form0=%24TextField%2CdoQuickFind%2Cclear&%24TextField="; nocase; fast_pattern; classtype:web-application-attack; reference:cve,CVE-2026-81578; reference:url,https://www.exploit.observer/?keyword=CVE-2026-81578&match=exact; reference:url,https://subdomain.center/?engine=ammonites&keyword=papercut&match=exact; sid:1011639; rev:1;)
CVE-2026-81578.rules on GitHub
References
Exploits and technical analysis
Government sources
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-81578 (government-resource)
Other references
Other databases
Where this comes from
This advisory is generated automatically by VEDAS from: CVE.org record, CISA KEV, cve-scores (EPSS and VEDAS), Exploit Observer, vedas-signatures. Text in quotes is reproduced from the source; everything else is a fixed template filled with source fields. Nothing here is written by a language model. Check the vendor advisory before acting, and read how VEDAS and Exploit Observer work, and their limits.